Signals travel through fibers over large distances with attenuation. Then the optical amplifiers are needed in the CWDM (corse wavelength divsion multiplexing) and DWDM (dense wavelength divsion multiplexing). Optical amplifiers are devices that can amplify optical signals directly without the need to convert them to electrical signals. EDFA (erbium doped fibre amplifier) is the most common optical amplifiers.

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In 1980s, the first generation called wideband WDM (wavelength division multiplexing) using two widely spaced wavelengths in the 1310nm and 1550nm appeared. In early 1990s, the second generation narrowband WDM with two to eight channels was used. But people would never be satisfied with network transmission rate. They want to see videos or watch movies which require a large amount of bandwidth capacity. Because of these consumers’ demands for bandwidth, by the mid-1990s, DWDM (dense wavelength division multiplexing), the new generation of optical fiber communication technology emerged. DWDM is a technology that puts data from different sources together on a single optical fiber, with each signal carried simultaneously on its own separate light wavelength. Advantages

After DWDM came into the world, it lays the foundation for the traditional electronic networking developing into optical networking. It makes optical fiber fully applied and brings many adv ... Read more »

Introduction

Fiber optic patch cord is also known as fiber optic jumper or fiber optic patch cable. It’s made of two parts: optical connector and fiber optic cable. Inside of the fiber optic patch cord, there is a core with a high refractive index surrounded by a coating with a low refractive index. Due to the transparency of the core and coating’s low refractive index, optic signals could transmit with little loss over long distances. Outside of the coating, there is a protective jacket which could protect the core and coating. Classification

Fiber optic patch cord could be classified into various types by different standards.

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As the development of computer science technology, 10 Gigabit Ethernet is widely used in our daily life. 10 Gigabit Ethernet means a group of computer networking technologies for transmitting Ethernet frames at a rate of 10 gigabytes per second. Like previous versions of Ethernet, 10GbE can use either copper or fiber cable. However, it requires higher bandwidth. So SFP+ cables are developed. SFP+ cables can provide high performance in 10 Gigabit Ethernet (10GbE) network applications and send 10Gbps data through one paired transmitters and receivers over a thin twinax cable.

Types of SFP+ Cables 

Now there are many types of SFP+ cables available for use including the SFP+ direct attach cables, SFP+ active optical cables, SFP+ passive copper cables and SFP+ loopback cables. ... Read more »

It is not difficult to imagine a world short of ambition. It would probably be a kinder world: with out demands, without abrasions, without disappointments. People would have time for reflection. Such work as they did would not be for themselves but for the collectivity. Competition would never enter in. conflict would be eliminated, tension become a thing of the past. The stress of creation would be at an end. Art would no longer be troubling, but purely celebratory in its functions. Longevity would be increased, for fewer people would die of heart attack or stroke caused by tumultuous endeavor. Anxiety would be extinct. Time would stretch on and on, with ambition long departed from the human heart.

Ah, how unrelieved boring life would be!

There is a strong view that holds that success is a myth, and ambition therefore a sham. Does t ... Read more »